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2 euro commemorative coin of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, issued at the end of 2017 (dated 2018) in a circulation of 340,000 copies. Dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the Constitution of Luxembourg. Minted at the Royal Netherlands Mint. Bimetallic, diameter 25.75 mm, weight 8.5 g.
Obverse
On the left is the profile of Grand Duke Henri. On the right is the open book of the Constitution as a symbol of the fundamental law of the state. Inscriptions: "LËTZEBUERG", "150e ANNIVERSAIRE DE LA CONSTITUTION" (150th anniversary of the Constitution) and the dates "1868-2018". Mint and mintmaster marks. On the outer ring are the 12 five-pointed stars of the European Union.
Reverse
The reverse is the common side of the 2 euro coins of the second type, designed by Luc Luix (Royal Belgian Mint). It depicts a map of Europe as a single continent without internal borders - a symbol of European unity. On the left is a large denomination "2" and the inscription "EURO", on the right is a map with six thin horizontal lines in the background. On the outer ring are the 12 stars of the European Union. The band is finely fluted and has the inscription "2 ★" repeated six times, alternating upright and inverted.
Historical context
The Constitution of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, adopted on 17 October 1868, is the country's fundamental law, defining it as a constitutional monarchy with representative democracy. The previous constitutions of 1841 and 1856 were more limited in nature. The 1868 constitution was significantly revised after Luxembourg managed to avoid annexation by France in 1867 thanks to the Treaty of London, which declared the country's permanent neutrality. The 1868 constitution established the division of powers between the Grand Duke, the Chamber of Deputies and the judiciary, broad rights for citizens and the rule of law. Throughout history, it has undergone numerous amendments, the main ones being related to the expansion of suffrage (1919 — universal suffrage), the reform of seigniorial law, and accession to the EU (1993). On July 1, 2023, a significant constitutional reform came into force, modernizing the text to modern standards. The 150th anniversary of the Constitution in 2018 was marked by a commemorative coin.