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Commemorative coin of 2 euros of the Republic of San Marino, issued in 2012 with a circulation of 130,000 copies. Joint issue of all 17 euro zone countries in honor of the 10th anniversary of euro banknotes and coins. Design by Helmut Andexinger. Minted at IPZS, Rome. Bimetallic, diameter 25.75 mm, weight 8.5 g.
Overse
In the center of the coin is a stylized euro symbol "€", surrounded by elements of the economy: a building, a bridge, a ship, factory pipes, wind turbines, and figures of people. In the background is a globe. At the top is "San Marino", at the bottom is "2002-2012". Mark "R". On the outer ring are the 12 five-pointed stars of the EU.
Reverse
The reverse is the common side of the 2 euro coins of the second type, designed by Luc Luix (Royal Belgian Mint). It depicts a map of Europe as a single continent without internal borders - a symbol of European unity. On the left is a large denomination "2" and the inscription "EURO", on the right is a map with six thin horizontal lines in the background. On the outer ring are the 12 stars of the European Union. The band is finely grooved, with the inscription "2 ★" repeated 6 times, alternately upright and inverted.
Historical context
The euro is the official currency of the European Union, created on January 1, 1999 as a non-cash currency, and introduced into circulation as banknotes and coins on January 1, 2002 in 12 countries. San Marino is a microstate in Italy (area 61 km², population 33,000), is not a member of the EU, but uses the euro as its official currency through a special monetary agreement with the EU dated November 29, 2000 and July 27, 2001. Before the transition to the euro, San Marino used the Italian lira as its currency through a customs and monetary union with Italy. According to the agreement, San Marino can issue its own euro coins (with its own design on the national side) in a limited edition - in 2002-2010 about 1.9 million coins each year, then more. They are minted at the Italian Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome. Similar agreements are in place with the Vatican, Monaco and Andorra. In 2012, the euro zone consisted of 17 countries. This joint issue united all states using the euro.