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Commemorative 2 euro coin of the Republic of San Marino, issued in 2024 with a circulation of 54,000 copies. Dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Citizens' Rights. Minted at IPZS, Rome. Bimetallic, diameter 25.75 mm, weight 8.5 g.
Obverse
The center of the coin depicts a stylized composition - the three towers of San Marino (the symbol of the country) next to the symbolic elements of justice (scales) and freedom. Above - "DICHIARAZIONE DEI DIRITTI", below - "San Marino 1974-2024". Mark "R". On the ring - 12 EU stars.
Reverse
The reverse is the common side of the 2 euro coins of the second type, designed by Luc Luix (Royal Belgian Mint). It depicts a map of Europe as a single continent without internal borders - a symbol of European unity. On the left - a large denomination "2" and the inscription "EURO", on the right - a map with six thin horizontal lines. On the outer ring - 12 stars of the European Union. The band - with thin grooves, with the inscription "2 ★" repeated 6 times.
Historical context
The Declaration of Citizens' Rights and Fundamental Principles of the Legal System of San Marino (Dichiarazione dei diritti dei cittadini e dei principi fondamentali dell'ordinamento sammarinese) is a constitutional document of the Republic of San Marino, adopted on 8 July 1974. Until 1974, San Marino was governed by the old "Litabhi" (Statuti) of 1600, written in Latin, modeled on medieval city statutes. Although San Marino is the oldest republic in the world (founded on September 3, 301 by Saint Marinus), its formal legal regulation needed modernization. The 1974 Declaration became, in fact, a Constitution: it enshrined fundamental principles - the sovereignty of the people, equality of all before the law, freedom of speech, religion, and association. In 2002, the article also guaranteed equality between men and women. San Marino is a parliamentary republic with two Captains-Regents, who change every six months.